Welcome to the Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

ABOUT DEPARMENT

The department of Computer Science and Engineering at Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam institute of technology came into existence in 2020. The department offered B.Tech. in Computer Science Engineering (CSE). The department also offered Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AIML) from 2021, which is best suited for students seeking to build world-class expertise in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning and emerging technologies which help to stand in the crowd and grow careers in the upcoming technological era. The department promotes innovation-centric education and dedicated to fostering excellence in education, research, and innovation. Our distinguished faculty members, comprising experienced educators and industry experts, are committed to providing a stimulating learning environment. We prioritize cutting-edge research, encouraging students to participate in projects that contribute to technological advancements. We take pride in cultivating a culture of creativity, critical thinking, and ethical responsibility among our students, preparing them to make meaningful contributions to the world of technology. The department imparts students with superior education in Information Technology and prepares them for a lucrative future in the growth-oriented IT industry.
Historical Background
 B.Tech. in Computer Science Engineering was started in 2020.
 B.Tech. in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning was started in 2021.

Vision:
To be a global leader in Computer Science and Engineering education and research, empowering students to excel in cutting-edge technologies and become catalysts for positive change in the digital landscape.

Mission:
1. To Creating a dynamic learning environment with rigorous academic programs.
2. To providing hands-on experiences through labs, projects, and real-world applications.
3. To Fostering a culture of research and innovation among faculty and students.
4. To Establishing strong ties with industry leaders for insights and collaborative projects.
5. To Producing well-rounded graduates with skills, knowledge, and an innovation mindset.

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

PEO1: To demonstrate a high level of technical competence in computer science and engineering, applying theoretical knowledge to solve complex problems.
PEO2: To exhibit creativity and innovation in addressing challenges, contributing to advancements in technology and research.
PEO3: To demonstrate the ability to communicate technical concepts clearly and concisely, collaborating seamlessly in interdisciplinary teams and presenting findings effectively.
PEO4: Adhere to the highest ethical standards in their professional practices, considering societal impact and contributing responsibly to the community.
PEO5: Engage in continuous learning, adapting to emerging technologies, and demonstrating leadership qualities to become industry leaders and contributors to academia.
Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs)
PSO1: To demonstrate the ability to apply fundamental principles of computer science and engineering to analyze, design and implement solutions for complex problems.
PSO2: Demonstrate proficiency in software development, including programming, testing and debugging techniques to address diverse computing challenges.
PSO3: To be able to Design and implement computing systems, components or processes that meet specified requirements, considering feasibility, security and performance aspects.
PSO4: Engage in research activities, contribute to scholarly publications and apply innovative approaches to solve emerging challenges in the field.
PSO5: To be able to communicate technical ideas effectively through documentation, presentations and collaborative interactions in both professional and societal contexts.
Few accomplishments
• Research facilities including workstations, all-in-one Pc’s, Independent work space for students.
• All the Faculty published paper in reputed journals like IEEE, springer, wiley etc.
• The Ongoing student projects showcasing expertise in the area of WSNs, Image processing, Machine learning.
• All students admitted through the entrance exam and Top rankers and school toppers opted the branch in last counseling.

FACULTY

S.NO.	FACULTY NAME	QUALIFICATION	DESIGNATION AND DETAILS
1.	MR. Lalit Mohan Joshi	M . Tech (Computer Science Engineering )	ASSISTANT PROFESSOR MOB-9411929999 Area of Interest: Internet of Things, Cloud Computing Email: lalitm.joshi09@gmail.com View Profile
2.	Ms. Neha Bisht	B.Tech., M. Tech.(Computer Science Engineering )	ASSISTANT PROFESSOR MOB-6396371917 Area of Interest: Data Structure & Algorithms, Design & Analysis of Algorithms, Formal Languages & Automata Theory Email: nehabishtakit@gmail.com View Profile
3.	Mr. Naresh Kumar	B.Tech., M. Tech.(Computer Science Engineering )	ASSISTANT PROFESSOR MOB-7500225283 Area of Interest: Networking, Cyber Security, Data Structure Email: nktamta.26@gmail.com View Profile
4.	Ms Rashmi Dhaundiyal	B.Tech., M. Tech.(Computer Science Engineering )	ASSISTANT PROFESSOR MOB-9536490377 Area of Interest: Artificial Intelligence, Big Data Analytics Email: rashmi78dhaundiyal@gmail.com View Profile
5.	Mr. Himanshu Gautam	B.Tech., M. Tech.(Computer Science Engineering )	GUEST FACULTY MOB-9045484116

ACADEMICS

The department offers two academics programs:

Tech Computer Science Engineering (CSE)
Tech Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AIML)

S.No.	Course Name	AICTE Approved Seats	Duration	Qualification Requirement
1.	B.Tech (CSE)	60	4 years	Sr. Secondary (10+2) in PCM/PCMB with minimum 45% marks from recognized Board / University
2.	B.Tech (AIML)	60	4 years	Sr. Secondary (10+2) in PCM/PCMB with minimum 45% marks from recognized Board / University
3.	B.Tech. (CSE/AIML) Lateral entry		3 years	3 years diploma / B.Sc. from recognized university

LABORATORIES

S.No.	Lab Name	Course Description
1.	C programming Lab	In C programming lab, students apply theoretical knowledge to practical coding exercises, honing skills in algorithm implementation, debugging, and problem-solving to build a solid foundation in programming. Labs often involve hands-on experience with concepts like data structures, functions, and memory management.
2.	Java programming Lab	In Java programming lab, participants engage in hands-on coding activities, tackling real-world problems through the application of object-oriented principles. Labs focus on Java syntax, GUI development, and database connectivity, fostering a comprehensive understanding of software development in the Java ecosystem.
3.	Unix Lab	The UNIX programming lab provides a practical environment for students to master command-line skills, shell scripting, and system programming. Participants gain hands-on experience in managing UNIX-based systems, fostering proficiency in shell commands and scripting for website maintenance and updates.
4.	DBMS Lab	In the DBMS programming lab, students delve into the practical aspects of database design, implementation, and querying. Hands-on exercises cover SQL commands, normalization, and transaction management, cultivating proficiency in building and manipulating databases for efficient data management.
5.	Python Programming	In the Python programming lab, participants engage in practical coding tasks, exploring concepts such as data manipulation, web scraping, and application development. The hands-on sessions emphasize Python’s versatility, empowering students to solve diverse problems and develop skills applicable across various domains.

PUBLICATION

RESEARCH PROJECT

STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENTS

STUDENTS

S.No.	Name	Roll No.	Year	Advisor

TRAINING

S.No.	Faculty_Name	Designation	Department	FDP/Conference	Attended/Organised	Title	From_Date to Ending_Date	Venue

COURSES

S.No.	Course Title	Course Code	L	T	P	Cr.	Course Instructor/Incharge
1.	Emerging Technologies in Engineering	AHP-004	0	0	2	1	Mr. Lalit Mohan Joshi
2.	Computer Application & IOT	CSP-002	0	0	2	1	Mr. Lalit Mohan Joshi
3.	Computer Organization & Architecture	CST-007	3	1	0	4	Mr. Naresh Kumar
4.	JAVA Programming	CST-008, CSP-008	3	1	2	5	Ms. Rashmi Dhaundiyal
5.	Formal Languages & Automata Theory	CST-009	3	1	0	4	Ms. Neha Bisht
6.	Computer Organization & Architecture LAB	CSP-007	0	0	2	1	Mrs. Priyanka Pandey
7.	Python programming	CST-005	2	0	0	2	Mr. Naresh Kumar
8.	Technical Communication	AHT-007	2	1	0	3	Mr. Narendra Biswas
9.	Digital Electronics	ECT-033	3	0	0	3	Mr. Jagat Pal Singh
10.	UNIX/LINUX Lab	CSP-009	0	0	2	1	Ms. Neha Bisht
11.	Data Structure	CST-003	3	1	0	4	Mr. Naresh Kumar
12.	Software Quality Management	BCST-604 (D)	3	1	0	4	Mr. Lalit Mohan Joshi
13.	Compiler Design	BCST-602, BCSP-602	3	1	2	5	Mr. Naresh Kumar
14.	Data Analytics	BCST -603 BCSP-603	3	1	2	5	Ms. Rashmi Dhaundiyal
15.	Machine Learning	SRE-601	3	0	0	3	Ms. Neha Bisht
16.	Microprocessors and Applications/LAB	BCST-601 BCSP-601	3	1	2	5	Mrs. Priyanka Pandey
17.	MATLAB Programming	BCSP-606	0	0	2	1	Mrs Anjana
18.	Minor Project	BCSP-607	0	0	2	1	Ms. Neha Bisht
19.	Distributed Systems and Cloud Computing	BOCS-605 (D)	3	1	0	4	Mr. Lalit Mohan Joshi
20.	Fundamentals of Android (Specialization)	SAN-601	3	0	0	3	Mr. Naresh Kumar
21.	Cyber Law (Specialization)	SCS-601	3	0	0	3	Prof. Hardwari Lal Mandoria
22.	Neuro-Fuzzy Techniques (Specialization)	SAI-601	3	0	0	3	Mr. Narendra Biswas

ACTIVITIES

Organized 6 days workshop on “Cyber Security” from 18^th -23^rd March 2023

Organized one day workshop “Upcoming Trends in Drone Industry” conducted by “Cross Vind Solutions” on September 11, 2023.

Organized two days workshop on “Mixed Reality on IoT” conducted by Techno Hub Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Under the aegis of Uttarakhand Science Education and Research Centre (USERC) on 29 September 2023.

Organized Seven Days Workshop on “Exploring New Opportunities in Drone Technology and Internet of Things” conducted by Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) from 16^th– 22^thOctober 2023.

Organized Three Days “Smart India Hackathon 2023” from 25^th-27^th October 2023.

TIME TABLE

Tech. (2^nd Year) IV Semester (CSE)

Session:- 2023-24 Room No:- 05 w.e.f. :- 25/01/2024

Period	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII
Day Time	9:00-9:55	10:00-10:55	11:00-11:55	12:00-12:55	1:00-2:00	2:00-2:55	3:00-3:55	4:00-4:55
Monday	CST-009(L) (NB)	CST-007(L) (NK)	ECT-033(L) (JPS)		L U N C H	AHT-007(L) (NAB)	CST-008(L) (RD)
Tuesday	CST-007(L) (NK)	ECT-033(L) (JPS)		CST-009(L) (NB)		CST-005(L) (NK)	CST-008(L) (RD)
Wednesday	CSP-008(P₁)(LL) (RD)		CST-007(L) (NK)			CST-009(L) (NB)
Thursday	CSP-009(P₁)(LL)(NB)/ CSP-007(P₂)(VL)(AN)		CSP-008(P₂)(LL) (RD)			CST-008(L) (RD)
Friday	CSP-007(P₁)(VL)(AN)/ CSP-009(P₂)(LL)(NB)		AHT-007(L) (NAB)	ECT-033(L) (JPS)		CST-007(T) (NK)
Saturday	CST-005(L) (NK)	CST-009(T) (NB)		CST-008(T) (RD)		AHT-007(T) (NAB)

Abbreviations: LL-Lang Lab, VL-Virtual Lab, L-Lecture, T-Tutorial

SUBJECT NAME	SUBJECT CODE	FACULTY NAME	FACULTY CODE
ECT-033	Digital Electronics	Dr. Jagat Pal Singh	JPS
AHT-007	Technical Communication	Mr. Narendra Biswas	NAB
CST-007	Computer Organization and Architecture	Mr. Naresh Kumar	NK
CST-008/CSP-008	JAVA Programming/Lab	Ms. Rashmi Dhaundiyal	RD
CST-009	Formal Languages & Automata Theory	Ms. Neha Bisht	NB
CSP-007	Computer Organization & Architecture Lab	Mrs. Anjna	AN
CSP-009	UNIX/LINUX Lab	Ms. Neha Bisht	NB
CST-005	Python Programming	Mr. Naresh Kumar	NK

Tech. (3^rd Year) VI Semester (CSE)

Session:- 2023-24 Room No:- 26 w.e.f. :- 25/01/2024

Period	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII
Day Time	9:00-9:55	10:00-10:55	11:00-11:55	12:00-12:55	1:00-2:00	2:00-2:55	3:00-3:55	4:00-4:55
Monday	BCST-601(L) (PP)	BCST-604(D)(L) (LMJ)	BCST-603(L) (RD)	SCS-601(L)(HLM)/ SAN-601(L)(NK)(BR)/ SAI-601(L)(NAB)(SH)	L U N C H	BCST-602(L) (NK)	BCSP-606(P₁)(LL)(AN)/ BCSP-607(P₂)(NB)
Tuesday	BOCS-605(D)(L) (LMJ)	BCST-603(L) (RD)	BCST604(D)(L) (LMJ)	SCS-601(L) (HLM)/ SAN-601(L) (NK)(BR)/ SAI-601(L) (NAB)(SH)		BCST-601(L) (PP)
Wednesday	BCST-602(L) (NK)	BOCS-605(D)(L) (LMJ)	BCST-603(L) (RD)	SCS-601(L) (HLM)/ SAN-601(L)(NK)(BR)/ SAI-601(L) (NAB)(SH)
Thursday	BCST-603(T) (RD)	BCST-604(D)(L) (LMJ)	BCST-601(L) (PP)	BOCS-605(D)(L) (LMJ)		BCST-602(L) (NK)	BCSP-602(P1)(LL)(NK)
Friday	BCST-601(T) (PP)	BCST-602(T) (NK)	BCSP-601(P₁)(VL)(PP)/ BCSP-603(P₂)(LL)(RD)			BOCS-605(D)(T) (LMJ)	BCSP-607(P₁)(NB)/ BCSP-606(P₂)(LL)(AN)
Saturday	BCSP-603(P₁)(LL)(RD)/ BCSP-601(P₂)(VL)(PP)		BCSP-602(P1)(LL)(NK)			BCST-604(D)(T) (LMJ)

Abbreviations: LL-Lang Lab, VL-Virtual Lab, L-Lecture, T-Tutorial, BR-Board Room, SH-Seminar Hall

SUBJECT CODE	SUBJECT NAME	FACULTY NAME	FACULTY CODE
BCST-601/BCSP-601	Microprocessors and Applications/Lab	Mrs. Priyanka Pandey	PP
BCST-602/BCSP-602	Compiler Design	Mr. Naresh Kumar	NK
BCST-603/BCSP-603	Data Analytics	Ms. Rashmi Dhaundiyal	RD
BCST-604 (D)	Departmental Elective- Software Quality Management	Mr. Lalit Mohan Joshi	LMJ
BOCS-605 (D)	Open Elective- Distributed Systems and Cloud Computing	Mr. Lalit Mohan Joshi	LMJ
BCSP-606	Matlab Programmimg	Mrs. Anjna	AN
BCSP-607	Minor Project -I	Ms. Neha Bisht	NB
SAI-601	Neuro-Fuzzy Techniques	Mr. Narendra Biswas	NAB
SCS-601	Cyber Law	Prof. Hardwari :Lal Mandoria	HLM
SAN-601	Fundamentals of Android	Mr. Naresh Kumar	NK

PHOTO GALLERY

S.No.	Author Name	Title	Year	Complete Citation
1.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Survey of Hypervisor Forensic in Cloud Computing	2015	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Dr. Rajendra Bharti “A Survey of Hypervisor Forensic in Cloud Computing”, in International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT-2015), pp.1003-1005, May-2015, (ISSN No. 2278-0181), Vol. 4 Issue 5.
2.	Rashmi Dhaundiyal	Study on determining the optimal number of clusters in a dataset.	2019	Dhaundiyal, R., Chowdhury, K. & Diwakar, M., 2019. Study on determining the optimal number of clusters in a dataset. 2019 4th International Conference on Internet of Things: Smart Innovation and Usages (IoT-SIU). doi: 10.1109/iotsiu.2019.8777495.
3.	Naresh Kumar	The study and optimization of fingerprint verification using SIFT approach on pores and ridges of fingerprints.	2012	Naresh kumar, Dr Ajit Singh “The study and optimization of fingerprint verification using SIFT approach on pores and ridges of fingerprints” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 1 Issue 6, August – 2012 ISSN: 2278-0181
4.	Neha Bisht	Time Based Detection and Mitigation of Black Hole At-tack in WSN Using FBPE and MN-ID Algorithm.	2016	Bisht, N. and Agarwal, A. 2016. Time Based Detection and Mitigation of Black Hole At-tack in WSN Using FBPE and MN-ID Algorithm. The International Journal of Science & Technoledge. 4, 4 (Apr. 2016).
5.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Understanding Threats in Hypervisor, Its Forensics Mechanism and Its Research Challenges	2015	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Mukesh Kumar, Dr. Rajendra Kumar Bharti “Understanding Threats in Hypervisor, Its Forensics Mechanism and Its Research Challenges”, in International Journal of Computer Application (IJCA-2015), pp. 1-5, June2015 (ISSN No. 0975-8887) Vol. 119, No.1.
6.	Rashmi Dhaundiyal	Clustering based medical image fusion	2020	Dhaundiyal, R et al. (2020) ‘Clustering based medical image fusion’, Journal of Physics Conference Series, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1478/1/012024.
7.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Virtual Machine Load Balancing: State-of-the-Art and its Research Challenges	2015	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Amit Yadav, Archana Verma “Virtual Machine Load Balancing: State-of-the-Art and its Research Challenges”, in International Journal of Computer Application (IJCA-2015), pp.9-11, June 2015, (ISSN No. 0975-8887), Vol. 119, No. 15.
8.	Rashmi Dhaundiyal	Application of Monte Carlo Simulation for Energy Modelling	2019	Dhaundiyal, R et al. (2019) ‘Application of Monte Carlo Simulation for Energy Modelling’, American Chemical Society Omega, 4 (3), 4984-4990, doi: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03442.
9.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Research Paper on Management of Library	2015	Lalit Mohan Joshi, “A Research Paper on Management of Library”, in International Journal of Computer Application (IJCA-2015), pp. 37-44, July 2015 (ISSN No. 0975-8887), Vol. 121, No.3.
10.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Research Paper on College Management System	2015	Lalit Mohan Joshi, “A Research Paper on College Management System”, in International Journal of Computer Application (IJCA-2015), pp. 32-44, July 2015 (ISSN No. 0975-8887), Vol. 122, No.11.
11.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Research Paper on Steganography in IPV6	2015	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Amit Yadav, Sumit Sharma “A Research Paper on Steganography in IPV6”, in International Journal of Computer Application (IJCA-2015), pp 14-18, July 2015 (ISSN No. 0975-8887), Vol. 122, No.14.
12.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Research Paper on Audio Steganography	2015	Lalit Mohan Joshi “A Research Paper on Audio Steganography”, in 1st National Conference on Recent Advances in Sciences & Technology (NCRAST-2015), August 22-23, 2015, pp 297-314 (ISBN No. 978-93-85437-03-8), Vol. 2, Track 4, No. 6.
13.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Research Paper on Software Technology	2016	Lalit Mohan Joshi “A Research Paper on Software Technology”, in 2nd National Conference on Recent Advances in Sciences & Technology (NCRAST-2016), August 29-30, 2016, pp. 186-188 (ISBN No. 978-93-85777-96-7), Vol. 1, No. 53.
14.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Research Paper on Cell Phone Technology	2016	Lalit Mohan Joshi “A Research Paper on Cell Phone Technology”, in International Journal of Grid and Distributed Computing (IJGDC-2016), EMERGING SOURCES CITATION INDEX / SCIMAGO INDEX, October 2016, pp. 331- 346, (ISSN No. 2005-4262), Vol. 9, No. 10.
15.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Research Paper on Visa Processing Information System	2016	Lalit Mohan Joshi “A Research Paper on Visa Processing Information System” in 1st National Conference on Progressive Sciences & Technology (NCPSE-2016), October 24-25, 2016.
16.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	A Research Paper On Online Security Issue With Data tempering	2017	Lalit Mohan Joshi “A Research Paper On Online Security Issue With Data tempering” in National Conference on Energy Communication & Intelligence Computing (NCECIC-2017), June 3-4 2017, pp. 1-8, (http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/ijstsd. 2017.4.1.01) Vol. 4, No. 1 (2017).
17.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Secure Client – Server Communication through SSL	2017	Lalit Mohan Joshi “Secure Client – Server Communication through SSL” in International Journal of Computer Application (IJCA-2017), pp. 39-54 October-2017 (ISSN No. 0975-8887), Vol. 175, No.5.
18.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Research Paper on IOT based Air and Sound Pollution Monitoring System	2017	Lalit Mohan Joshi “Research Paper on IOT based Air and Sound Pollution Monitoring System” in International Journal of Computer Application (IJCA-2017), pp. 36-49 November-2017 (ISSN No. 0975-8887), Vol. 178, No.7.
19.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Research Paper based on Virtual Network Computing	2017	Lalit Mohan Joshi “Research Paper based on Virtual Network Computing” in National Conference on Current and Future Trends On Emerging Technologies(CFTET-2017), December 27-28 2017.
20.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Cyber Security Issue and Online Information Source	2018	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Dr. Rajendra Bharti “Cyber Security Issue and Online Information Source” in International Conference on Intelligent Communication, Control and Devices (ICICCD-2017), is published in the book series of SPRINGER Singapore-Advance in Intelligent System and Computing (AISC, Vol. 624) (SCOPUS INDEXED) with UGC- 1375, (Print ISBN No. 978-981-10-5902-5, Online ISBN NO. 978-981-10-5903-2) pp. 1707-1718, 11 April 2018.
21.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Iot based automatic irrigation system for a smart city	2019	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Dr. Rajendra Bharti, Dr. Rajesh Singh “IOT BASED AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR A SMART CITY” in the International Journal of Control and Automation (IJCA-2019) Vol.12, No. 12, (SCOPUS INDEX) publish under the NADIA Publications, with ISSN: 2005-4297 (Print); 2207-6387(Online) December 2019.
22.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Internet of things and machine learning based approaches in the urban solid waste management: trends, challenges, and future directions	2021	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Dr. Rajendra Bharti, Dr. Rajesh Singh “INTERNET OF THINGS AND MACHINE LEARNING BASED APPROACHES IN THE URBAN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: TRENDS, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS” in the Expert System, e12865, (SCI INDEXED JOURNAL), published under the Wiley online library. With DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/exsy.12865(Online) October 2021.
23.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Role of various technology with assessment of garbage management system for smart city	2022	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Dr. Rajendra Bharti, Dr. Rajesh Singh “ROLE OF VARIOUS TECHNOLOGY WITH ASSESSMENT OF GARBAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR SMART CITY” in the International Conference in London during 27th-29th April 2022 on “INTELLIGENT ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT (ICIEM 2022)” Organized by Amity University India, co-sponsored by IEEE United Kingdom and Ireland section.
24.	Lalit Mohan Joshi	Real time monitoring of solid waste with customized hardware and internet of things	2022	Lalit Mohan Joshi, Dr. Rajendra Bharti, Dr. Rajesh Singh “REAL TIME MONITORING OF SOLID WASTE WITH CUSTOMIZED HARDWARE AND INTERNET OF THINGS” in the Computer and Electrical Engineering [CAE _10862] Vol. 102 (SCI INDEXED JOURNAL), published under Elsevier.With DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2022.108262September 2022.